Process Variablility
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Tina Barker
Motivation Paper
University of Phoenix
Facilitator: Stewart Stanfield
May 19, 2007
Introduction
According to the text Organizational behavior (2005) motivation refers to forces within an individual that account for the level, direction, and persistence of effort expanded at work. There are several types of motivation theories, but only five of them will be discussed here. These theories include; Maslows Hierarchy of Needs, ERG, Two-Factor Theory, Equity Theory, and Expectancy Theory. Some of these theories will be put into action at the Farmhouse Market. The Farmhouse Market is a local grocery store with a small staff, which consists of mostly family members. The rest of the staff varies in age and gender.
Theories
First we will discuss the theories of motivation to see which of them will best fit the needs of the Farmhouse Market. Maslows hierarchy of needs theory offers a pyramid of physiological, safety, social, esteem, and self-actualization needs (Schermerhorn, 2005, p. 122). Alderfers ERG theory identifies existence, relatedness, and growth needs (Schermerhorn, 2005, p. 123). Herzbergs two-factor theory identifies job context as the source of job dissatisfaction and job content as the source of job satisfaction (Schermerhorn, 2005, p. 124). Adamss equity theory posits that people will act to eliminate any felt inequity in the rewards received for their work in comparison with others (Schermerhorn, 2005, p. 126). Finally Vrooms expectancy theory argues that work motivation is determined by individual beliefs regarding effort/performance relationships and work outcomes (Schermerhorn, 2005, p. 127).
The Farmhouse Market has local farmers who supply the produce and flowers for the store. They have chosen to buy local in order to better serve and help the community.
Salespeople
Stephen Robbins (2006, p. 187) states that “individuals compare their job inputs and outcomes with those of others and then respond to eliminate any inequities.” I think that this theory would work best for salespeople at the Farmhouse Market. They are able to watch each other work and see how they present themselves to customers. By comparing notes with each other they will be able to see how to better serve their customers. Although I also believe that the expectancy