Apush Notes
1 Transportation: North vs. SouthErie Canal completed 1825One of several canals in North linking western farmers with eastern manufacturersFew canals build in South. South grew enough to feed itself.South relied on Atlantic shipping to send cotton North, then get manufactured goodsIsolation of South kept it from modernizing and improving its standard of living like the North and the WestNorthern manufacturers shipped most of their manufactured products to the WestWest grew rich on North’s purchase of Western grainMuch better transportation in North than in SouthNorth’s advantage over South in canals, roads, railroads was major factor in the Civil WarRailroadsAllowed people and goods to move more quickly and cheaplyMost early rail lines found on East Coast, MidwestThe TelegraphLong distance communication revolutionized by Samuel Morse’s invention of telegraph in 1835 Morse also invented Morse Code, language for communication by telegraphFirst transatlantic cable laid across the ocean in 1857, allowing rapid communication between the U.S. and Europe by telegraph
Economic and Social Developments in Antebellum America (1790-1860) Antebellum=pre-Civil War (1790-1860) Transportation Revolution (early 1800s)1st half of 19th century produces inventions and innovations that lead to revolution in transportation steamboats invented by Robert Fultonregular steamboat service set up on major river systems of the U.S.` roadbuildingnetwork of privately-owned toll roads (turnpikes) spread from big cities turnpikes are nucleus of road system canals Erui Canal built in 1825 (labeled “Clinton’s Ditch” to mock the champion of project, Gov. Clinton).Canals built to connect Eastern cities to Western farms; lots of public funding used for internal improvements New York City becomes hub of growing nation.English immigrant Samuel Slater builds first industrial factory in U.S. for cotton-spinning. Contains all the elements of production under one roof