Political ZionismEssay Preview: Political ZionismReport this essayShah Abbas and Suleyman the MagnificentShah Abbas I ruled the Safavid Empire from 1587 to 1629. He was the first of the Safavid shahs to unify Persia into one, which had before been made up of a number of separate states that practiced different religions and spoke different languages. Abbas changed all this. He enforced his people to follow the teachings of Shiism and made the official language Farsi. When Abbas had come to power, the Ottomans and Uzbeks had been harassing the Safavid Empire and had captured the two cities of Tabriz and Herat. In 1590, Abbas signed a peace treaty with the Ottomans so he could concentrate more on the Uzbeks. Eight years later in 1598, Abbas recaptured the city of Herat from the Uzbeks and broke his treaty with the Ottomans to take back the city of Tabriz in 1605. In 1623 Abbas conquered Baghdad, and for safety reasons moved the capital of the Safavid Empire from Tabriz to Isfahan to distance it from the Ottoman Empire. Due to his obsessive fear of assassination, Shah Abbas either put to death or blinded any member of his family who seemed suspicious to him. This was the case when he executed one of his sons and blinded two of them. When Shah Abbas died in 1629 he had no son capable of succeeding him.
Suleyman the Magnificence was the greatest sultan of the Ottoman Empire and one of the 16th centurys most formidable conquerors . Under his reign from 1520-1566 the Ottoman Empire reached the height of its power. Also known as the Lawgiver, he built bridges, mosques, aqueducts, and fortresses, and vastly increased the expanse and wealth of the Ottoman Empire. In 1534 Suleyman waged the first of three campaigns against the Shia Safavid dynasty of Persia, which was a long standing rivalry. In this first conflict, Suleyman conquered the important city of Baghdad. The second campaign, 1548-1549, resulted in the temporary gain of Tabriz. In his third campaign, in 1555, his force failed to eliminate the Shahs army and was forced to sign a treaty in which the Shah of
Sudan invaded the city and gave the Iraqi people the first independence. The third campaign, 1660 (the final campaign) took place on a day for which Suleyman had no power. His death, however, prevented his power from spreading until his daughter in the 12th Century was forced to live in Babylon.
19. Mater Jovid (1670-1695), Ottoman Empire’s highest official, was one of the leaders of the pro-Turkish alliance during the Ottoman Empire’s reign. He was highly respected in Turkey from 1623 until the outbreak of the Civil War in 1036, which allowed him to secure an absolute dominance over the Ottoman Empire and to become the supreme commander of the Ottoman Empire (as the Turkish Empire in Turkey and in other regions of the world was. The Sultan of Mecca who was then the leader-in-chief). Mater also played a crucial role in a great deal of political history during Ottoman and Ottoman-Turkish relations, as both Turkey, which was a semi-autonomous empire, and the Ottoman Empire were trying to establish their joint interests. This meant that the Sultan had to ensure the security, prosperity and support of the people of the Ottoman Empire – and not to make an aggressive posture toward them. – The Turkish Emperor, Sultan of Mecca who was then the leader-in-chief. At the time of his death, Mater Jovid (1670-1695), Ottoman Empire’s highest official,, was one of the leaders of the pro-Turkish alliance during the Ottoman Empire’s reign. Mater was highly respected in Turkey from 1623 until the outbreak of the Civil War in 1036, which allowed him to secure an absolute dominance over the Ottoman Empire and to become the supreme commander of the Ottoman Empire (as the Turkish Empire in Turkey and in other regions of the world was. Mater also played a crucial role in a great deal of political history during Ottoman and Ottoman-Turkish relations, as both Turkey, which was a semi-autonomous empire, and the Ottoman Empire were trying to establish their joint interests. In this regard, there were many similarities within the Ottoman Empire: His rule was more like a semi-autonomous one, rather than the more centralized one, than a military one, or even a political one. At some point after his death, Mater Jovid (1670-1695), Ottoman Empire’s highest official,, was one of the leaders of the pro-Turkish alliance during the Ottoman Empire’s reign. Mater also played a crucial role in a great deal of political history during Ottoman and Ottoman-Turkish relations, as both Turkey, which was a semi-autonomous empire, and the Ottoman Empire were trying to establish their joint interests. This meant that the Sultan had to ensure the security, prosperity and support of the people of the Ottoman Empire – and not to make an aggressive posture