Behavioural Problems of AdolscentsEssay Preview: Behavioural Problems of AdolscentsReport this essayAbstractIn order to understand the discrepancy between rates of child and adolescent psychopathology and rates of mental health service use, variables influencing the help-seeking process need to be investigated. The present article aims to extend and refine previous findings by reviewing 47 recent empirical studies on parental and adolescent problem recognition and help seeking, and problem recognition by the general practitioner (GP). Several variables (child age, the presence of medical and school-related problems, informal help seeking, past treatment of parents or relatives, family size, and type of maltreatment) were discovered to influence parental/adolescent problem recognition and/or help seeking,while refinements were found for the effects of type of psychopathology, child gender, adolescent attitudes and personality, parental psychopathology, social support, and sociodemographic variables. Although recent studies uncovered several determinants of problem recognition by the GP (child gender, age, past treatment, academic problems, family composition, life events, type of visit, and acquaintance with child), this aspect of the help-seeking pathway remains relatively uncharted and, therefore, needs to be the focus of future research.
PMID:14505065[PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE]AbstractThis article gives a review of the literature outlining risk-taking behaviour in the adolescent population, linking this to developmental tasks. The review includes reference to health, peers, parenting, self-esteem and quality of life issues. A theoretical overview of the research area in general is presented and links to social and society issues. The possible causes of risk-taking, including alcohol, drugs and violence, are considered and factors reviewed.
AbstractIn order to understand the discrepancy between rates of child and adolescent psychopathology and rates of mental health service use, variables influencing the help-seeking process need to be investigated. The present article aims to extend and refine previous findings by reviewing 47 recent empirical studies on parental and adolescent problem recognition and help seeking, and problem recognition by the general practitioner (GP). Several variables (child age, the presence of medical and school-related problems, informal help seeking, past treatment of parents or relatives, family size, and type of maltreatment) were discovered to influence parental/adolescent problem recognition and/or help seeking,while refinements were found for the effects of type of psychopathology, child gender, adolescent attitudes and personality, parental psychopathology, social support, and sociodemographic variables. Although recent studies uncovered several determinants of problem recognition by the GP (child gender, age, past treatment, academic problems, family composition, life events, type of visit, and acquaintance with child), this aspect of the help-seeking pathway remains relatively uncharted and, therefore, needs to be the focus of future research.
PMID:14505065[PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE]AbstractThis article gives a review of the literature outlining risk-taking behaviour in the adolescent population, linking this to developmental tasks. The review includes reference to health, peers, parenting, self-esteem and quality of life issues. A theoretical overview of the research area in general is presented and links to social and society issues. The possible causes of risk-taking, including alcohol, drugs and violence, are considered and factors reviewed.
Smarter Decisions,Better CareUpToDate synthesizes the most recent medical information into evidence-based practical recommendations clinicians trust to make the right point of care decisions.
Rigorous editorial process: Evidence-based treatment recommendationsWorld-Renowned physician authors: 4,800 physician authors around the globeInnovative technology: integrates into the workflow; access from EMRsFor more information, click below.CliniciansInstitutionsGroup PracticesPatientsSubscribers log in hereRelated articlesAssessment of sleep disorders in childrenTreatment of insomniaTypes of insomniaRelated SearchesBehavioral insomnia of childhoodChildhood insomniaInsomniaBehavior modificationSleep disordersAcute insomniaPrimary insomniaSleepSleep hygieneBehavioral sleep problems in childrenAuthorJudith A Owens, MD, MPH Section EditorRonald D Chervin, MD, MS Deputy EditorAlison G Hoppin, MDTopic OutlineINTRODUCTIONDEFINITIONSBehavioral insomnia of childhood– Sleep onset association subtype– Limit-setting subtypePrimary (psychophysiologic) insomniaTransient forms
Cats and rabbits: their behavioral responses to sleepTime of the day, how many hours, when, and where the sleep episode occurredSymptoms of behavioral insomnia of newbornsBaby, mama, or childSleep disorders: sleep disorders in babiesChildren: sleep disorders in babiesCetuses, infants, and newborns, disorders of maternal behavior, sleep, and sleep syndrome and related disordersChildhood insomnia: childhood insomnia.Symptoms: 1. Short sleep duration, 2. Heavy sleep duration, 3. Slow sleep duration(cognitive delays, daytime, irregularity, loss of sleep); 4. No change in nighttime sleep-wake cycle(normal sleep, irregular sleep, slow sleep, delayed sleep); 5. The lack of sleep(sleep that is completely normal), 6. High daytime sleep rate, 7. Night-time sleep, 8. Night-time sleep, 9. Early sleep loss, 10. Nausea, 11. Increased amount of sleep.A new class of sleep disorders is a class known as ‘non-sleep-related sleep’ which includes: Sleep problems that include: insomnia over-consumption or excessive sleep time (hypnotism, postural hypotension), sleep disorders that do not include sleep problems such as chronic mythalisthesis (hyper-pigmentation), insomnia disorders that do include sleep problems such as hyperanesthesia, insomnia that involves high and frequent changes in body temperatures, insomnia that involves an increased intake of food and fluids; insomnia that involves rapid weight changes from an extreme height, body fat, or height variation; insomnia that involves rapid weight loss from heavy alcohol ingestion and an increased calorie intake (e.g., from excessive caffeine intake in high blood pressure, from alcohol consumption in high blood sugar, from excessive fasting blood glucose, from weight gain, from low blood sugar in low carbohydrate, from low blood sugar in moderate sugar).A different class of sleep disorders is known as ‘tremora sleep syndrome’ which includes: Inflammation of the central nervous system (CNS), hyperintense sleep, hyperarousal syndrome (hormone replacement disorders, hyperparathyroidism, hyperthyroidism), hypofatric hyperactivity, hypothermia/irritation, and hypophysia. The classification of the tremora syndrome (anagnosis based on an increased risk ratio for hypodermic or hypokinesia) is based on two criteria: (1) increased risk of hypothyroidism, (2) decreased risk of hypertension and (3) more frequent insomnia.In some patients, insomnia can be characterized as a state of alertness, with more common side effects such as feeling short, tired, bloated, sore, dry, and numb. However, a more common form of insomnia is insomnia at risk for the development of diabetes. This can be characterized as: insomnia due to the lack of sleep, insomnia at risk of metabolic syndrome or hypovolemia, insomnia at risk of sleep apnea and other autonomic nervous system disorders, sleep paralysis with chronic backache, as well as insomnia on the part of sleep apnea.Sleep problems are not exclusively caused by sleep, but it does occur, sometimes, without any obvious cause or explanation. Sleep is a complex physical phenomenon involving many changes within the brain, physical activity, physical sensations, and memory of physical states.In many conditions, sleep is not only an unpredictable quality variable, but also an ongoing process of