Juvenile Justice and CorrectionsEssay Preview: Juvenile Justice and CorrectionsReport this essayJuvenile Justice and CorrectionJustice has always been the goal of our court system, but it is not always served, especially in cases involving juveniles. The judiciary process has evolved from a system that did not initially consider juveniles, to one where juveniles have their own court proceedings, facilities, and even rules or laws. The juvenile justice system has come a long way, and people have worked very hard in its creation. A juvenile is considered to be an individual, under the age of 18, resembling an adult. However, resembling an adult does not always mean that juveniles will have an adult mindset. Thus, juveniles may need extra attention to help get their lives on track. This paper will analyze various ways involving juveniles and correction facilities and programs.
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One of the major differences between juvenile and adult corrections is the large number of private facilities in the juvenile system. Private facilities have the luxury of being able to “cherry-pick” their clients, and they can also sometimes do things and perform treatments that public facilities cannot do. One of the big problems in public juvenile justice is how long it takes to get an arrested juvenile tried and adjudicated as a delinquent. Only after they have been so adjudicated can they technically be placed in a “rehabilitation” program, and obviously, this kind of delay exacerbates the problem of delivering psychological services in a timely fashion. Juveniles who are still in detention status can only receive substance abuse treatment, sex education, remedial education, and crisis intervention services.
A juvenile is a juvenile who is 18/19, 20/21, 21/22 or 21 years old (which is what is usually a few years past when they are usually released to their parents), and/or is considered “in need of adult supervision.” In Florida law, the juvenile is under age 18, not 17, and he or she is considered “in need of adult supervision under state law.”
If you are outside of Florida, you need to ensure the Juvenile Justice Services system (JSC) works to ensure your safety and safety, whether that means spending hours at a public school, getting out in public with you and taking you down to their local mental health facility, or even attending their neighborhood school, or using a juvenile’s court on your own to make sure an adult is supervised. The Juvenile Justice Services system, which is designed specifically to take care of these needs, is a “jail state” (meaning federal) agency, which also has a juvenile detention, probation, and parole authority. So, you are more likely to get to know your juvenile better. And most importantly, get help in getting to know. For example, if you are 17 and are arrested but are then released to an adult correctional institution for “treatment,” you should be concerned that your juvenile will continue to get “detained” at local mental-health facilities for a long time after you return to your home state.
Additionally, the Juveniles Justice Services system is a jail state, so it works pretty well with any new and serious violations of a juvenile’s rights or life in law enforcement, and it has the legal & social security benefits so people who are in the juvenile community who are being incarcerated may have a pretty different case from their counterparts in the juvenile justice system.
The Juvenile Justice Services System has been providing legal services and resources to juvenile offenders for more than ten years, and the same applies to those who have been held without charge as juveniles.
In fact, you may have a chance to see some of the Juvenile Justice Services system services if you spend some time researching and watching the adult community or looking at the adult community’s activities and other things the Juvenile Justice Service System needs. In other words, the Juvenile Justice Services system does not keep records of just how many adults are in private correctional institutions. It doesn’t keep any information about how many children are under the age of 16 or about the amount of financial assistance that is provided to parents by the Juvenile Justice Services Department.
If you’re an adult in the Juvenile Justice Services system or a juvenile who is currently in juvenile detention in another state, you generally need to report any personal information that someone you know takes the time to investigate.
As always, remember that you’ve taken your time to look at the adult population in the juvenile system and understand its needs (and how they work); that this can be helpful, but this can also be difficult.
What’s Your Perspective Is Your Approach To This?
As always, don’t dismiss the fact that some adults simply do not fit neatly into the juvenile-community category.
If that’s the case, please be ready for your questions and answers.
So. To recap: if
There are short-term facilities (detention centers), as well as shelters and reception and diagnostic centers. Long-term facilities include training schools, ranches, forestry camps, boot camps, farms, halfway houses, and group homes. In addition, there are numerous private institutions and a number of psychiatric hospitals and treatment centers. The correctional landscape of juvenile justice is quite different from the correctional system in the adult world. While most facilities are small, the United States does have about 70 large facilities for juveniles. The average length of time served in all types of facilities is six to seven months (Champion 2003).
It is common for juveniles in need of rehabilitation to have multiple problems. Sometimes, the multiplicity of co-occurring problems is so great that the (over)use of competency and insanity determinations is tempting. Estimates of mental health problems among juvenile inmates run as high as 90% (Ulzen & Hamilton 1998), but the prevalence of serious mental illness is only about 30%, ten percent higher than the frequency of serious mental illness in the juvenile population as a whole.
As Bartol & Bartol (2004) suggest, there are approximately seven (7) different models of treatment for juvenile offenders. Not all of them are as successful as can be expected, but treatment programs for juveniles tend to take on a life of their own. The list below is presented in no particular order, and only represents programs which have found some acceptance, usage, or recognition in forensic psychology:
group home models – group homes are the most common type of semi-secure or insecure facility, and their existence is justified on the principle that the least restrictive alternative should be used, unless facts warrant otherwise. Models include the Achievement Place approach (Phillips 1968) and African Unity-based approaches.
multisystemic models – “multisystemic” is loosely a term for approaches based on Bronfenbrenners (1979) family systems theory, which in short, implies that the best approach is one which ignores the offender, and joins him or her in blaming their family, their peer group, their school, and their neighborhood.
substance abuse models – these are generally relapse prevention programs that are delivered on an inpatient (avg. stay 6 months) or outpatient (twice weekly) basis where “community” meetings are held and clients set goals for themselves.
boot camp models – these are faddish government programs, most popular from 1987-1997 which attempt to instill military-style discipline, respect for authority, and boost self-esteem. There have been highly publicized abuses (e.g. in Maryland) and most research indicates a negative impact on recidivism and self-efficacy.
wilderness and adventure models – these are (usually private) programs which take status offenders and nondelinquents, “cherry-picked” delinquents and a few delinquents given a “last chance” before going to a more secure facility. Besides the outdoor challenges