Pha 2022 Tute 4
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PHA2022 – Week 5 Tutorial TEAM number: 18TEAM members:Aaditya Prakash SinghMatthew KongGabriella LonganoImogen LettsAssigned DrugsLevonorgestrel, EtonogestrelTEMPLATE: LevonorgestrelTherapeutic class ContraceptiveDrug Class Progestin Representative trade name / formulation MicrolutSUSMP Classification S4TGA approved indications ContraceptivePBS listed? Yes including medical practitioners, midwives and nurse practitioners Mechanism of action (provide a brief summary of the mechanism of action)
Levonorgestrel as a contraceptive is a synthetic progestogens that thickens the cervical mucus which reduces the chance of implantation by slowing the passage of sperm across the endometrium. The drug inhibits the release of LH from the hypothalamus, this helps to inhibit ovulation. Oral contraceptives suppress ovulation in less than 50% of women. Major adverse effects (either serious or common) Menstrual irregularity, nausea, vomiting, breast tenderness, vaginal bleeding, headache, prolonged bleeding, spotting, amenorrhoea, depression and acne. Contraindications (if any) & why Suspected pregnancy- hormonal imbalance will affect child developmentArterial & Cardiovascular disease- Progesterone only contraceptives are already known to increase rick of vascular disease and therefor amplify existing conditions. Levonorgestrel is known to antagonise the effects of anti-hypertensives and anti- coagulants. Hepatic disease (Liver tumours)- Due to the bodies inability to metabolise and excrete the drugSex hormone dependant malignancies- Already have hormone imbalance and therefore need to stabilise them before altering levels further. Potential drug interactions (if any) & why Drugs that increase liver function such as hepatic enzyme inducing drugs (barbiturates) will increase metabolism and elimination of levonorgestrel and reduce the effectiveness. Antibiotics such as ampicillin appear to reduce enterohepatic circulation of hormonal drugs and this reduces the efficacy of the drug. TEMPLATE: EtonogestrelDrug type Progesterone only contraceptiveDrug Class ProgestinRepresentative trade name / formulation