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Sanctioning Isil
American University of Beirut“Sanctioning ISIL”PSPA 233: International and Regional OrganizationsSubmitted to: Dr. Roger AchkarSubmitted by: May MakkiDate: March 30th, 2016Table of ContentsSection
Historical Background        The UN economic sanctions on states started long ago, with the fight against apartheid in Rhodesia and South Africa. However, it was till 1999 that the UN imposed economic sanctions on a terrorist organization for the first time, under the Security Council Resolution 1267, directed against Taliban in Afghanistan. The sanctions, according to Paragraph 4 of Resolution 1267, included an embargo on Taliban aircraft, and a freeze over funds “derived or generated from property owned or controlled directly or indirectly by the Taliban” (SCRES 1267, p.4). However, the most important part of this resolution is the establishment of Al-Qaida Sanctions Committee under its sixth paragraph, whose mission is to ensure the implementation of the aforementioned measures, and take care of the listing and delisting processes of individuals and entities related to Al-Qaida (SCRES 1267, p.6). In response to criticisms directed towards the generalization of sanctions, and the harsh listing and delisting processes, the SC established the Office of Ombudsperson and reformed the sanctions to become more “targeted” towards individuals and entities. The Committee is supported by a “Monitoring Team”, established initially under Resolution 1526 (2004).On December 17, 2015, the Security Council unanimously adopted Resolution 2253, which expanded the sanctions and the listing criteria to include the Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant (ISIL). Security Council Resolution 2253 (2011)        The Security Council Resolution 2253, after expressing concerns regarding ISIL sources of funding, including profits from terrorist and illegal acts, kidnapping ransoms, the abuse of the non-profit sector and communication technology, and trade (particularly trade of oil and cultural property), called for measures to be taken on three different levels: asset freeze, travel ban and arms embargo. The asset freeze and travel ban apply to individuals with direct or indirect links with ISIL or Al-Qaida, listed or delisted according to a set procedure. Thus, it calls for cooperation among member states in investigations and information sharing, active participation of member states in listing requests and reporting, adapting member states’ domestic laws and regulations to international resolutions to sanction ISIL and Al-Qaida, construction of effective counter narratives and counter propaganda, cooperation of governments with the private sector, and raising awareness regarding ISIL and Al-Qaida Sanctions List.
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By: may makki
Submitted: May 1, 2016
Essay Length: 1,775 Words / 8 Pages
Paper type: Research Paper Views: 373
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