Bp Oil Spill
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[pic 1]OIL-EATING BACTERIANAME : NUR RABIATUL ADAWIYAH BT SYED MUBARAKMATRIC NO : E16A0190 PROGRAMME: Bachelor of Applied Science (Natural Resources)DATE : 20THÂ APRIL 2017LECTURER : DR. SUGANTHI APPALASAMYFACULTY OF EARTH SCIENCEPICTURE OF COLWELLIA[pic 2]PICTURE OF ALCANIVORAX BORKUMENSIS[pic 3]PICTURE OF OIL EATING MICROBE[pic 4][pic 5]THE MECHANISM OF A. BORKUMENSIS DEGRADES OIL DROPLETS[pic 6]Individual puzzle pieces of DNA making up a bacterial genome. Each colour represent an individual genome and each dot depicts one pieces of DNAREFERENCES1. Biello. D (2006) Scientist break down oil eating microbe. Retrieved April 18, 2017 from
Different type of bacteria were observed that helps in the degradation of oil such as Colwellia, Neptuniibacter and Alcanivorax. Based on microbiologist observation, they conclude that many type of bacteria may act together as a group to break down complex oil mixtures.Colwellia is a genus of deep-sea psyhrophilic, piezophilic and obligate anaerobic bacteria from the family Colwelliaceae. This species of bacteria have an -20°C of optimal temperature and the produces cryoprotective polmeric substances. Studies that had been done shows that Colwellia that lives in deep sea plums etas on all big component of an oil spill such as benzene, ethylbnzene, toluene and xylene compounds. But despite eating all the dangerous stuff, they do not eat polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons or batter known as PAHs.Alcanivorax borkumensis is another type of bacteria that has the genome that helps in breaking down oil crude in the ocean. This bacteria is has a rod shape and it is group as a gram negative bacterium. It prosper in halophilic aerobic surrounding and it is easily found in the upper layers of fresh water or marine surrounding such as Mediterranean Sea and Pacific Ocean. This species of bacteria is hard to find in an unpolluted water because of the limited nutrients such as phosphorus and nitrogen.Lastly, Neptuniibacter is a gram negative bacteria, it is a bit of halophilic, and it is an aerobic type of bacteria. This bacteria can break down sulphur. This is important because during an oil spill cleanup mission. Public uses a large number of dispersants on and under the water’s surface. Sulphur have a difficult chemical mixtures and mostly they contain carbon and sulphur. Dispersants are harmful to the marine life and having Neptuniibacter to break down can reduce it so that not many marine are affected by it. Case studyThe biggest offshore spill in US history happens in 2010 in the Gulf of Mexico. The Deepwater Horizon oil spill discharged approximately 4.2 million barrels of oil. This disaster caused a huge harm to the aquatic species and ecosystem starting from tidal marshes all the way to deep ocean floor. The rescue team uses many different ways to remove the oil such as they skimmed it from the surface, burned it and some even use dispersants to break the oil into a small droplet. The difference between this spill and the previous spill is that how fast it relatively recovered.