Kinetic Study of the Hydrolysis of T-Butyl Chloride – Lab Report – Jama Messner
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Kinetic Study of the Hydrolysis of T-Butyl Chloride
Kinetic Study of the Hydrolysis of tert-Butyl ChlorideCH 236-A8 Group 7Authors, Reviewers, Editors:J. Foncea, J. Messner, K. SimmonsIntroductionIn organic chemistry, there are two different types of nucleophilic substitution reactions: SN1 and SN2.  SN1 signifies unimolecular reactions. Also known as the first order reaction, the reaction rate is based only on the concentration of one reactant and can be expressed as r = k[A].  For bimolecular reactions, or SN2, the reaction rate is determined by the product of two concentrations and can be expressed as r= k[A][B]. In SN1 reactions, substrate affects the reaction rate, whereas in SN2 reactions, both substrate and nucleophile affect the reaction rate.1 To find the order of a reaction, the rate law must be derived in the form of differential equations, and then can be integrated to obtain an equation where concentration is a function of time. The hydrolysis of tert-Butyl chloride is an SN1 reaction, which means only one molecule is involved as a reactant in the rate determining step.2 The mechanism in Figure 1. shows the rate determining step is the formation of a carbocation intermediate from tert-Butyl chloride. Therefore, the rate of reaction should be proportional to the concentration of tert-Butyl chloride.[pic 1][pic 2][pic 3]Figure 1. Mechanism for the Hydrolysis of tert-Butyl ChlorideTwo factors that can affect reaction rate are concentration and temperature.2  Increasing the concentration of one or more of the reactants will more than likely increase the reaction rate. Additionally, increasing the temperature will increase kinetic energy, and ultimately increase the rate of reaction.  The Arrhenius equation is used to describe the effect of temperature on the rate of a chemical reaction, and is shown in Equation 1, where k is the rate constant, A is the pre-exponential factor, Ea is the activation energy, R is the universal gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin.2

[pic 4]                                                                        Eq. 1[pic 5]By taking the natural logarithm of the Arrhenius equation, it yields the same form as the equation for a straight line, or y= mx+b, where x is equivalent to 1/T. When plotted, Equation 2 is then used to find the Ea, or activation energy from the slope of the straight line.2 [pic 6]                                                                Eq. 2[pic 7][pic 8][pic 9]Table 1. Table of ReagentsCompoundMW (g mol-1)B.P. (C°)M.P (C°)Density (g/mL)tert-Butyl Chloride- C4H9Cl92.5751-260.851Sodium Hydroxide- NaOH39.9971,3883182.13Bromophenol blue- C19H10Br4O5S669.962792732.2Water- H2O18.01510001.0Acetone- C3H6O58.07956-940.79

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“Kinetic Study of the Hydrolysis of T-Butyl Chloride” EssaysForStudent.com. 03 2019. 2019. 03 2019 < "Kinetic Study of the Hydrolysis of T-Butyl Chloride." EssaysForStudent.com. EssaysForStudent.com, 03 2019. Web. 03 2019. < "Kinetic Study of the Hydrolysis of T-Butyl Chloride." EssaysForStudent.com. 03, 2019. Accessed 03, 2019. Essay Preview By: Jama Messner Submitted: March 10, 2019 Essay Length: 2,635 Words / 11 Pages Paper type: Lab Report Views: 336 Report this essay Tweet Related Essays A Comparative Study of the Work of the Devil It is true that the study of the devil or evil in general as a part of the world has intrigued man for centuries. This 796 Words  |  4 Pages Nike Case Study SHORT CASE SUMMARY Nike, Inc. (503-671-6453, www.nike.com) is the worlds #1 athletic shoe and apparel seller. Nike currently employs 20,700 employees, with total sales of 1,706 Words  |  7 Pages Brinkerhoff International Inc Case Study MEMORANDUM TO: JUAN C. ARAQUE FROM: GROUP #6 SUBJECT: CASE STUDY FOR COMPANY "BRINKERHOFF INTERNATIONAL INC." DATE: 11/14/00 CC: HUMAN RESOURCE DIRECTOR OBJECTIVE: After careful 2,797 Words  |  12 Pages Nafta Case Study NAFTA Five Years of Failure By: Jeff Dotson In December of 1992, Presidents Salinas (Mexico), Bush (U.S.) and Prime Minister Brian Mulroney of Canada signed 8,025 Words  |  33 Pages Similar Topics Case Study Gerber Babyfoods Study KingcomicsCom Get Access to 89,000+ Essays and Term Papers Join 209,000+ Other Students High Quality Essays and Documents Sign up © 2008–2020 EssaysForStudent.comFree Essays, Book Reports, Term Papers and Research Papers Essays Sign up Sign in Contact us Site Map Privacy Policy Terms of Service Facebook Twitter

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Different Types Of Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions And Reaction Rate. (June 9, 2021). Retrieved from https://www.freeessays.education/different-types-of-nucleophilic-substitution-reactions-and-reaction-rate-essay/