Development of Humans as Social Actors
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[pic 1]Central Colleges of the PhilippinesHigh School DepartmentSenior High School DivisionMODULE INUNDERSTANDING CULTURE,SOCIETY, AND POLITICSRodel M. BertilloLordili A. CadagFirst Semester, School Year 2016 – 2017CONTENTUnitPageDevelopment of Human as Social Actors…………………3A.  Starting Point for Understanding of Culture, Society, and Political Identities……………………7 – 20B.  Defining Culture and Society from the Perspectives of Anthropology and Sociology……………………21 – 33C.  Looking Back at Human Biocultural and Social Evolution……………………34 – 47 Becoming a Member of Society……………………48 – 61 How Society is Organized……………………62 – 74Development of Human as Social Actors……………………75Kinship, Marriage, and the Household……………………79 – 90Political and Leadership Structures……………………Economic Institutions……………………Nonstate Institutions……………………Education……………………Religion and Belief System……………………Health……………………Cultural, Social, and Political Change……………………Social and Political Stratification ……………………New Challenges to Human Adaptation and Social Change……………………Responding to Social, Political, and Cultural Change……………………
[pic 2]UNIT I[pic 3]Development of Humans as Social Actors[pic 4]        It was easy to become a man, but it was difficult to become a human. What makes us human? This is the question that this unit leads you to answer. From the physical attributes of humans to the sociocultural traits that they developed as members of a society or a community, this unit guides you through five lessons and its sub-lessons on how to analyze and understand the concept of being human. By understanding our nature as human beings, you will be able to understand our reactions to varying environmental factors.         The first lesson helps you in understanding the variations of human attributes. We know that we all belong to just one species, but it was very observable that we have different physical characteristics, behavioural patterns, and languages. You will learn through this lesson that human identities are constructed by their affiliation and their negotiation with established structures and systems in society. In this lesson will provide you the essence of looking at the interplay of culture, society, and political identities in examining societal change. In lesson two, you will learn how culture and society defined from the perspectives of Anthropology and Sociology are. The lesson three continues to address the question on human variation by focusing on the evolutionary processes that have determined our physical traits.        The lesson four and five provide you with conceptual materials to understanding humans as members of groups or society. Lesson four introduces you to the concept of how the individuals learn culture and become competent members of the society. And in lesson five, you will learn the processes how is the society organized.Unit ILearning Outcomes______________________________________Acknowledge and articulate observations on human cultural variation, social differences, and political identitiesAdopt an open and critical attitude in the analysis of different social, political, and cultural phenomena through observations and reflectionsAppreciates the value and interplay of disciplines of Anthropology, Sociology, and Political Science as social sciences. Explain society and culture from the perspectives of anthropology and sociologyDescribe society and culture as a complex wholeIdentify aspect of culture and types of societyBecome aware of why and how cultural relativism mitigates ethnocentrismTrace the biological and cultural evolution of early to modern humansExplore the significance of human material remains and artifactual evidence in interpreting cultural and social, including political and economic processesRecognize national, local, specialized museums, and archeological and historical sites as venues to appreciate and reflect on the complexities of biocultural and social evolution as part of being and becoming humanExplain the development of ones self and others as a product of socialization and enculturationIdentify the context, content, processes, and consequences of socialization and enculturationIdentifies the social goals and the socially acceptable means of achieving these goalsAdvocate inclusive citizenshipPromote protection of human dignity, rights, and the common goodDefine a groupIdentify the different types of groupDescribe the organized nature of social life and rules governing behaviorLESSON 1        STARTING POINT FOR THE UNDERSTANDING OF CULTURE, SOCIETY, AND POLITICAL IDENTITIES[pic 5][pic 6]