Iris ScanningEssay Preview: Iris ScanningReport this essayINTRODUCTIONSafety has become an imminent issue in the United States and other parts of the world. From September 11, 2001 and the war in Iraq to the smaller, yet deadly Columbine shootings, more and more people are worrying about the safety of our families. As we move further down the information highway, the world calls for technology to play a role in advancing safety measures. The days when the police could protect our towns from everything is over, we must rely on computers to create added security. When one thinks of security a few words come to mind, one of which is identification. Identification is used in our every day lives in areas which require an ID to acquire access, such as work and school, to having ones drivers license with them in order to prove identification in cases which may require one to present it; such as when one gets pulled over, or when paying by credit card to ensure safety and authenticity.
Practicalities of Identification in a Crime The American public continues to use the Internet as a medium of identifying information to ensure the safety of our people. On Feb. 7, 2006, for example, the U.S. Justice Department announced that it would begin using a new electronic fingerprint reader to authenticate and verify every new device used to create a user’s name and email address. In 2007 the Internet took off, and with it other technology which required people to use some kind of “chip on the cheek” record to gain access to the Internet at great speed and to verify the identity of users. The new security technology has helped reduce the number of attempts to bypass security measures, and can save lives and keep businesses safe from potential attack.
Criminal History Statistics
The American Bar Association (AAA) defines criminal history as a short, detailed record of incidents that are reported within the past 24 months, a time period when the average adult householder does not live in a home during which a crime has been committed (e.g., an unprovoked shooting on a school campus). The National Crime Victimization Survey estimates that one in every 5,500 victims of crime in the United States are estimated to be black. The 2010 ACS defines criminal history as the data recorded in each of the six years ending March 31, 2010. The ACS also has a variety of other data that allows for identification of individual individuals. For example, ACS reports the number which are suspected to be the offender’s first or last names or other identifying information, the number of days, weeks, or months of their sexual identity, the name of the victim, date of birth and gender of the victim, or the date of any assault or domestic violence victim they have known. These data are collected when the actual person at the crime scene is not identified as the perpetrator of the crime.
In addition, every adult victim of a sexual crime carries with them a unique identification which identifies the crime scene, the time and place of commission of the crime, as well as any possible victim identification.
The ACS requires federal investigators to submit fingerprints to the Department of Justice which they can use to prove someone was not the original suspect or the defendant. This process is usually called the “citizen’s blood” or “citizen’s blood of the suspect.” The process has traditionally been called “first contact.” The process provides for a police request for a government database which allows the person to be interviewed before an interview will be conducted in a legal and probable cause manner.
The process also includes requests for information regarding a person’s social status, marital status, gender, citizenship status, sex, race, creed, religion, disability, previous criminal convictions, military records, and any mental health health care providers or attorneys. Individuals who have completed these forms are sent a list of information regarding their current status.
Some law enforcement agencies use such information as a tool to establish relationships. For example, the Justice Department can use a tool called the Person Finder program to identify criminal sexual victims, where the FBI uses their database and can use the search feature called the New Victim Notification Service to identify, record, and report information on a particular person.
In addition to the following examples, which illustrate how the New Victim Notification Service can provide information regarding an individual’s last names, Social Security Numbers, employment history details, and any other information that might be important to law enforcement.
In the following, we will briefly walk you through what an individual can receive from the New Victim Notification Service and how he can use that information to identify and investigate crimes.
Why We Fight Crime In America: In addition to educating criminals about criminal law and law enforcement, it also helps law enforcement apprehend and track criminals, deter repeat offenders, and fight the emergence of violent crime. The New Victim Notification Service, by partnering with organizations
BACKGROUND AND HISTORYID cards were one of the first security measures implemented into society. First there was the normal ID card that requires a figure of authority to stare at the card to ensure validity by means of photo and personal information. Those ID cards were followed by cards which are scanned or swiped which are still common today. This form of IDs led to much fraud due to stolen or copied cards. Thereafter, the cards would be swiped into a machine and an image of the person would appear on the computer while someone by the computer confirms the authenticity of the cardholder. Although, ID cards are a great idea they do not provide all the security that is needed in this technologically advanced world.
> BACKGROUND AND HISTORYID cards were one of the first security measures implemented into society. First there was the normal ID card that requires a figure of authority to stare at the card to ensure validity by means of photo and personal information. Those ID cards were followed by cards which are scanned or swiped which are still common today. This form of IDs led to much fraud due to stolen or copied cards. Thereafter, the cards would be swiped into a machine and an image of the person would appear on the computer while someone by the computer confirms the authenticity of the cardholder.
BACKGROUND and HISTORYID cards were one of the first security measures implemented into society.
It was never clear if such an ID would be carried or not as it is now known that in order to have one it would have to be printed in a book.
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> HistoryID: A Unique Identity for Every Man
One of the great features of modern day Identity Cards, as it turns out, is that they often exist in a limited number of numbered numbers and have to be carried from one card holder to the next. It was initially a good idea that each identity card would have its own unique number as they were quite similar and they quickly became the basic form for all Identity cards to follow – the most basic concept of how identification works today and also what they are capable of. Today, they can be taken into circulation and used in many places such as banking and identity databases
> BACKGROUND AND HISTORYID was not widely adopted by the police in the first place to protect their citizens. But they later adopted it as a tool to defend their interests. In fact, despite the name, in some places many of the people who came to Newmarket are still in the know as Identity Cards while the police are more involved in other areas. People in various parts of the country have recently started to take to Identity cards which include the number 10 to identify them as such; it was an easy move and the ones who didn’t would never come to use this technology if it had to be their own Identity cards. Back to top
> BACKGROUND AND HISTORYID: A Unique Identity
The most recent attempt by law enforcement to change the concept of Identity cards was this law which was passed by the State of New Jersey and issued in 2008 under the New Jersey Criminal Justice Reconcodification Act. It was amended in 2012 under the New Jersey Civil Rights Act to allow for more people who were not known to the police to retain their Identity card when an arrest occurred. In total, the law has introduced an additional requirement that ID cards be taken from people who have not been convicted of a crime such as drug dealing or attempted
Other forms of biometrics, or the study of unique characteristics to distinguish a person from others, have also been adopted throughout severalyears. Methods such as voice recognition, which has a misidentification rate of one out of every thirty, and face recognition, with a slight lower rate of one out of one hundred, are not very reliable (Hoffman, Howerton, and Wanke, n.d.). More advanced identification methods, such as handprints, are much more dependable than face recognition which only identifies 80 characteristics (Kennedy, 2002). For example, “when the hand geometry is programmed into the computer it reads over 90 different measurement[s] like length, thickness, width, and the different areas on the hand and fingers” (Hoffman, Howerton, and Wanke, n.d.). The hand shape and fingerprinting method have a misidentification rate of one in every seven hundred and one in every one thousand respectively. Yet, those numbers still do not accommodate the safety needed in this country. However, Iris recognition is finally available; it is the newest technology and most accurate technology in identification.
DESCRIPTIONIris scanning is a process that uses different characteristics of the eye which includes “over 260 rings, furrows, freckles, and other marks that can be used for identification” (Kennedy, 2002). It is a short process; it only takes a couple seconds to read the iris and a few minutes to search its database. For example, Britains Nation Physical Laboratory tested the “iris recognition technology [and it] registered a false match rate of zero in 2,735,529 comparisons and a 0.0 percent failure-to-acquire rate” (Hudspeth & Spinks, 2001). Iris recognition is the new drive behind biometrics due to the large accuracy jump between previous machinery and now. The system is simple; it works by scanning the unique patterns of the iris. Segments of the eyes are then examined according to the intensity of the areas. The next step depends on whether or not one is a first time user; the computer will generate a code for the first time user, while; for an existing user the system will check its database to ensure authenticity of the person. Its a simple process which requires the complexity of the iris in order to provide the best security in identification. This new technology is so secure it is already being applied into airports across the country; this new technology is the wave of the future for the world and more specifically our schools.
ARGUMENTSThe advanced iris scan technology would save a lot of money and add security to our school. Currently, kids across the country get to school; typically they will swipe a card and go to their first class or homeroom. The identification card is required to get into the school or else the student is warned, or required to purchase a new one, if lost. The card is used as a form of attendance and security to make sure each and every child who is supposed to be in school is in school. Instead of continually wasting money on making cards, taking pictures, processing the picture, replacing lost cards, getting computers to process the card, and doing the process every year to keep the system up to date the district would be better off if they implemented iris scan technology. Since the identification card process would be cut out of the budget and an advanced economical iris recognition system would be applied the school district will achieve a solution on both fronts, security and money saving. Once the entire district is initially scanned, students may use the same “identification card” or their eyes, in each and every grade and school building they walk into for attendance, records, and several other things.
Therefore, with the iris recognition technology, each student is accounted for making it impossible for a student to swipe another for attendance or use his or her card for a meal plan in the cafeteria. Also, it will eliminate criticism because kids with free lunch would no longer be distinguishable from kids who pay. In addition to that, books that are given out in the beginning of the year or semester must be returned at the end according to the serial number on each book and whom it has been assigned to. The technology would aid in the entire book loaning process, allowing the validity of the books owner and ensuring each student returns his book or pays the cost of it. Whereas, the old process of writing all the book information along with the number, the students name and a signature on a index card does not always work due to lost index cards or the forging of numbers which allow a student to return someone elses book. All of this leads to many problems in todays public schools which would be resolved by iris scan technology. However, the biggest concern in the schools today, especially, during grade school, is the safety of the children.
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