Chemical Industry DynamicsChemical Industry DynamicsAlex DavilaChemical Industry dynamics:The Chemical industry gives us many essential components that we use in our daily lives. Chemicals are everywhere and society depends in some way on chemicals. In the other hand chemicals can also be harmful to us and the environment. Since there is harm to humans and the environment some regulations have to be passed around the world to control those harmful chemicals (“Chemicals, 2010). The global chemical industry is worth $3.7 trillion US and is responsible for $1.6 US in annual trade. The industry is roughly divided in three locations, the Americas, Asia, and the last part in Europe (“Industry Competitiveness,” 2009).
Impact of regulations/deregulationsThe Chemical industry has many toxic chemicals in the packing, surfaces or contents of many products may cause long term health problems, including cancer. The public is pushing the government for stronger regulations on them. A newspaper revealed how Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) scientists have failed to identify a chemical that is harmful for children and it has stalled altogether. It also revealed how the EPA allows chemical companies to keep new information about the chemicals they test a secret. Some of these chemicals can cause cancer and respiratory problems. The public wants the government to get tougher and do some changes to the Toxic Substances Control Act of 1976 (Kissinger, 2009). The government has showed interest in revising and reforming the Toxic Substances Control Act, since the task is so complex they might resolve it until the 113th Congress convenes in 2013 (“US chem leader calls for speedy reform of toxic substances act.,” 2011).
The European Union passed a law in 2007 called REACH which stands for registration, evaluation, authorization and restriction of chemical substances. REACH was put in force to protect human health and the environment. The law will required from chemical companies to provide safety information about the chemicals and substances they are working with. Chemical companies that were creating high amounts of suspicious chemicals will be tested by REACH to verify they are not harmful to human health and the environment (“REACH,” 2011). Legislators around the world would be watching very closely how the law REACH works out; if it is a success they may follow the same path. REACH has two deadlines that are very crucial for the legislation to know if it is working or not, the deadlines are in 2013 and 2018 which the world is waiting for (Turley, 2010).
China has also passed regulations on hazardous chemicals. The state council of China just published a revised version of Regulations on Safe management of Hazardous Chemicals in China on March 2011. This regulation has clauses in the production, storage, use, sale and transporting the hazardous chemicals. The legislation also required the companies to register any chemicals they are working with. Any offenders of the regulation would face a maximum penalty of $152,000 US. This regulation will come into force December 1, 2011 (“Regulations on Safe Management of Hazardous Chemicals in China,” 2011).
Chemical Industry TechnologyThe chemical industry is finding ways to reduce energy usage. The chemical industry used around 6% of the energy in the United States in 2008. The companies are investing more in renewable raw materials; they are creating products that enable energy savings, the companies are also recycling waste; for example, getting the waste water from a city to generate high-pressure steam and is used again to cool the towers until it finally evaporates into the atmosphere (Patt, 2009).
The chemical industry is trying to merge with the nanotechnology. The nanotechnology is the science of manipulating and characterizing matter at the atomic molecular level. The new technology will help with the production of new catalyst, coatings, filtration technologies and other end products. The nanotechnology is getting involved in the chemistry and materials science (“Nanotechnology,” 2009). The use of renewable feedstock (raw materials) to replace oil and natural gas can be accomplished by the new advances in biotechnology and chemistry. The renewable resources are sugarcane, corn, cellulosic biomass and renewably sourced syngas. One of the biggest companies already have a head start using renewable resources to create a new fiber called Sorona, which is made from corn (Schilling, 2010).
The first biotechnology will be applied to new areas. The first commercial application for new biotechnology involves nanotechnology as a catalyst and can lead to a better understanding of the biochemistry and molecular mechanisms in the nervous cells and brain.
The second world biotechnology is also at the front of the development effort.
Many studies have shown that nanotechnology increases the efficiency of biochemistry in different ways. The important thing is the energy efficiency of the catalyst. An increasing use of renewable resource can drastically reduce or completely eliminate carbon emissions. All that matter is simply in flux and its energy supply is limited. It is the most promising way of addressing this problem.
The most difficult to solve is using a hybrid technology of bio-molecular design. It is simply the new catalyst in a polymer, but instead of an end product, its biochemistry is based on chemical chemistry. The best case I don’t think is that a hybrid solution has many advantages and that the best way of delivering this value to the consumer would be simply to get the commercial catalyst and a bioreactor for cheaper cost. It is the most important technology of the last stage in the field from the biowaste to biofuels to all that can be done by the company. It is the least complex technology in the field.
Since we started at the beginning with a single catalyst, we have introduced new technologies in the field of nanotechnology. The breakthroughs in a single technology can be compared, but here is a list of two technologies we know of that have led the field of renewable energy:
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The Chemical Research and Analysis Center
Researchers at the National Science Foundation’s Chemical Research Unit (CRU) are working on a new field of chemical discovery: developing new ways to monitor organic waste, improving the effectiveness of new chemical compounds and developing new methods to understand waste disposal (Meyer, 1999). The technology they are developing is going to be able to detect organic chemical compounds such as phosphoric acid, a chemical made from plant tissue (e.g., DeLuca et al., 2002; Regere et al., 2003). These materials may be placed in areas where bacteria have a high number of organic compounds but don’t have them from the soil (e.g., Zogby and van der Haag, 2006).
Because the chemical research team is working on organic material from plants, they are using a field of organic pesticides and soot sprays to determine the level, and they are using new bioengineering and bio-chemical techniques to better mimic organic, biodegradable chemicals. They also are using a new chemical method for reducing water stress by removing and using organic pesticides for the removal of organic compounds.
This research effort is being led by the Center For Sustainable Agriculture and Livestock Development, National Center for Sustainable Technology Research and Development, and the Center for Sustainable Food, Water and Environmental Security, of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. The Center is dedicated to supporting the development through research efforts.
Other Projects
The Center for the Advancement of Sustainable Environmental Studies (SCSER) is another national research institute that uses sustainable agricultural practices to support the scientific and operational needs of organic agriculture. The SCSER also has extensive research on crop genetic engineering and the effects of organic agriculture on the soil and animals (e.g., Mazzola et al., 1999).
An international team of scientists with expertise in organic farming and food, energy, and forestry are building on a partnership between the SCSER with the Netherlands Agrochemical College (Agrochemical Innovation and Technology) and the Netherlands Ministry of Natural Resources to create and launch a new field where they will be trained in the chemical and soil technologies. The field is being led by the College’s Department of Organic Plant Management and its partner Institut de Plant de Agroecologie (LITE).
International companies that produce produce (oil) are not directly owned by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. But many of the biggest U.S.-based companies now have subsidiaries that own or control some or many of the top brands in the world such as ExxonMobil, Citigroup Inc., Baidu Inc., and Chevron Corp.
In 2002, the National Research Council proposed that the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) establish a Center for Sustainable Development on Organic Industry. The Center has been funded through donations from private foundations, public-private partnerships and private sponsorships (Wit and DeLuca, 2001).
The Chemical Research and Analysis Center
Researchers at the National Science Foundation’s Chemical Research Unit (CRU) are working on a new field of chemical discovery: developing new ways to monitor organic waste, improving the effectiveness of new chemical compounds and developing new methods to understand waste disposal (Meyer, 1999). The technology they are developing is going to be able to detect organic chemical compounds such as phosphoric acid, a chemical made from plant tissue (e.g., DeLuca et al., 2002; Regere et al., 2003). These materials may be placed in areas where bacteria have a high number of organic compounds but don’t have them from the soil (e.g., Zogby and van der Haag, 2006).
Because the chemical research team is working on organic material from plants, they are using a field of organic pesticides and soot sprays to determine the level, and they are using new bioengineering and bio-chemical techniques to better mimic organic, biodegradable chemicals. They also are using a new chemical method for reducing water stress by removing and using organic pesticides for the removal of organic compounds.
This research effort is being led by the Center For Sustainable Agriculture and Livestock Development, National Center for Sustainable Technology Research and Development, and the Center for Sustainable Food, Water and Environmental Security, of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. The Center is dedicated to supporting the development through research efforts.
Other Projects
The Center for the Advancement of Sustainable Environmental Studies (SCSER) is another national research institute that uses sustainable agricultural practices to support the scientific and operational needs of organic agriculture. The SCSER also has extensive research on crop genetic engineering and the effects of organic agriculture on the soil and animals (e.g., Mazzola et al., 1999).
An international team of scientists with expertise in organic farming and food, energy, and forestry are building on a partnership between the SCSER with the Netherlands Agrochemical College (Agrochemical Innovation and Technology) and the Netherlands Ministry of Natural Resources to create and launch a new field where they will be trained in the chemical and soil technologies. The field is being led by the College’s Department of Organic Plant Management and its partner Institut de Plant de Agroecologie (LITE).
International companies that produce produce (oil) are not directly owned by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. But many of the biggest U.S.-based companies now have subsidiaries that own or control some or many of the top brands in the world such as ExxonMobil, Citigroup Inc., Baidu Inc., and Chevron Corp.
In 2002, the National Research Council proposed that the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) establish a Center for Sustainable Development on Organic Industry. The Center has been funded through donations from private foundations, public-private partnerships and private sponsorships (Wit and DeLuca, 2001).
The Chemical Research and Analysis Center
Researchers at the National Science Foundation’s Chemical Research Unit (CRU) are working on a new field of chemical discovery: developing new ways to monitor organic waste, improving the effectiveness of new chemical compounds and developing new methods to understand waste disposal (Meyer, 1999). The technology they are developing is going to be able to detect organic chemical compounds such as phosphoric acid, a chemical made from plant tissue (e.g., DeLuca et al., 2002; Regere et al., 2003). These materials may be placed in areas where bacteria have a high number of organic compounds but don’t have them from the soil (e.g., Zogby and van der Haag, 2006).
Because the chemical research team is working on organic material from plants, they are using a field of organic pesticides and soot sprays to determine the level, and they are using new bioengineering and bio-chemical techniques to better mimic organic, biodegradable chemicals. They also are using a new chemical method for reducing water stress by removing and using organic pesticides for the removal of organic compounds.
This research effort is being led by the Center For Sustainable Agriculture and Livestock Development, National Center for Sustainable Technology Research and Development, and the Center for Sustainable Food, Water and Environmental Security, of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. The Center is dedicated to supporting the development through research efforts.
Other Projects
The Center for the Advancement of Sustainable Environmental Studies (SCSER) is another national research institute that uses sustainable agricultural practices to support the scientific and operational needs of organic agriculture. The SCSER also has extensive research on crop genetic engineering and the effects of organic agriculture on the soil and animals (e.g., Mazzola et al., 1999).
An international team of scientists with expertise in organic farming and food, energy, and forestry are building on a partnership between the SCSER with the Netherlands Agrochemical College (Agrochemical Innovation and Technology) and the Netherlands Ministry of Natural Resources to create and launch a new field where they will be trained in the chemical and soil technologies. The field is being led by the College’s Department of Organic Plant Management and its partner Institut de Plant de Agroecologie (LITE).
International companies that produce produce (oil) are not directly owned by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. But many of the biggest U.S.-based companies now have subsidiaries that own or control some or many of the top brands in the world such as ExxonMobil, Citigroup Inc., Baidu Inc., and Chevron Corp.
In 2002, the National Research Council proposed that the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) establish a Center for Sustainable Development on Organic Industry. The Center has been funded through donations from private foundations, public-private partnerships and private sponsorships (Wit and DeLuca, 2001).
GlobalizationGlobalization is very important in any business; the chemical industries look for opportunities in the growing regional markets of the world. Estimates from the United Nations said that by 2025 around 67% of the world populations will be
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