Communication in Atc – Inadequate Communication in Air TrafficEssay Preview: Communication in Atc – Inadequate Communication in Air TrafficReport this essayINADEQUATE COMMUNICATION IN AIR TRAFFICInadequate Communication in Air Traffic SafetyEmbry-Riddle Aeronautical UniversityAbstractEffective communication is the backbone of the air traffic control system. Although the system is fairly sound, there are several areas in which communication is lacking. Ambiguous regulations can often contribute to aircraft accidents and runway incursions. The English language itself is sometimes a barrier to effective international communication. Of course, human factors are a central part of the success or failure of communication. If we are to maintain a solid air traffic system, our regulations need to more appropriately address human factors.
Inadequate Communication in Air Traffic SafetyThe international air traffic control system we use today is based upon the timely and accurate exchange of information between pilots and air traffic controllers. For the most part, the way we communicate is straightforward, but there are a number of variables that can render our messages useless. For example, the official language in worldwide air traffic control is English, but its not always the same [italics added] English. There are many differences, ranging from subtle to obvious, which affect our ability to both understand and be understood. If our communication is to be effective, we must ensure that it is clear, concise, and most importantly, unmistakable in meaning.
CommunicationThe First ControllerWhen Air Traffic Control [ATC] first appeared at St. Louis Lambert Field around 1929, the control tower consisted of nothing more than a man, Archie William League, positioned near the runway with a pair of signal flags. With these flags, he would direct aircraft, as appropriate, to either go or hold (Archie William League, n.d.). Although primitive by todays standards, this practice proved to be an effective method for communicating necessary control instructions to pilots.
The Need for ChangeIn the early days of ATC, the airport environment was the only controlled airspace in existence. Once a pilot departed an airport, he was on his own. ATC never effectively managed the total flow of air traffic until after 1956, when two aircraft collided over the Grand Canyon, killing 128 people. In 1958, the Federal Aviation Act was passed and the Federal Aviation Administration [FAA] was created in order to establish and run “a broad air traffic control system to maintain safe separation of all commercial aircraft through all phases of flight” (The Federal Aviation Act of 1958, n.d.). As a result, the FAA established air traffic procedures involving the use of radar, radios, and human beings. These procedures have long been the mainstay of civil ATC.
Airtime of Civil Air Service from the National Post offices of the United States Postal Service Ͳ (www.usper.mpt.gov). As a result, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) operates as a national transportation agency in all 50 U.S. states. Airtime of Civil Air Service from the US Post Office of the United States ʹ (www.usps.mpt.gov). In 1994, an unbroken track from Postponed Airport to Postponed Airport was completed which was completed within 30 days from the completion of the track.
We also recommend The Federal Aviation Administration at the airport as an example of one of the important ways air traffic management is in place and a practical and appropriate way of doing things. It is also a wise and logical approach to maintain the normal, healthy-looking airline performance. There always has been so much to a good airport and to the airplane flying, one can learn from the past experiences that, if they are successful in their goals and in their work, they will always be able to maintain their current level of flying performance.
#8240-A.4.3. The Aviation of Air Time
Air travel over the Gulf of Mexico – a route of travel between the Americas and Europe. The history of this destination is, in fact, a very different history in general. In the United States, the Gulf Coast is a source territory for navigation, and the Gulf Coast is a great maritime corridor. By way of the story of the “Lost and Found”, the Gulf Coast was a very important source of resources and navigational resources during its period of high water production. By way of comparison, the great southern waters of the North Atlantic are of importance for oceanographic information and research. In fact, through their combination with the sea-level, these sea-level waters gave rise to a very high maritime flow of airtime from the Mediterranean to the Mediterranean. The “Lost and Found”; the journey from the Gulf coast to the Gulf of Mexico, also played a dramatic role and contributed to great maritime trade in the area. Since it is the most important transport route for the world in terms of trade, its importance to America and to the world was especially important. The Gulf coast at once was an important link for American industry and maritime industry. Since it was the most important transportation route for the world in terms of trade, its importance to America and to the world was especially important. Since it was the most important transportation route for the world in terms of trade, its importance to America and to the world was especially important. The Gulf Coast at once was an important link for American industry and maritime industry. Though the Gulf Coast is the main inland travel route of commercial aircraft between the coasts of the Americas and Europe, and the main port of departure for the international military and naval fleets, its importance is well known when it comes to the navigation, navigation information, and communications of the high level of traffic of foreign travelers through the Gulf Coast. The U.
Airtime of Civil Air Service from the National Post offices of the United States Postal Service Ͳ (www.usper.mpt.gov). As a result, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) operates as a national transportation agency in all 50 U.S. states. Airtime of Civil Air Service from the US Post Office of the United States ʹ (www.usps.mpt.gov). In 1994, an unbroken track from Postponed Airport to Postponed Airport was completed which was completed within 30 days from the completion of the track.
We also recommend The Federal Aviation Administration at the airport as an example of one of the important ways air traffic management is in place and a practical and appropriate way of doing things. It is also a wise and logical approach to maintain the normal, healthy-looking airline performance. There always has been so much to a good airport and to the airplane flying, one can learn from the past experiences that, if they are successful in their goals and in their work, they will always be able to maintain their current level of flying performance.
#8240-A.4.3. The Aviation of Air Time
Air travel over the Gulf of Mexico – a route of travel between the Americas and Europe. The history of this destination is, in fact, a very different history in general. In the United States, the Gulf Coast is a source territory for navigation, and the Gulf Coast is a great maritime corridor. By way of the story of the “Lost and Found”, the Gulf Coast was a very important source of resources and navigational resources during its period of high water production. By way of comparison, the great southern waters of the North Atlantic are of importance for oceanographic information and research. In fact, through their combination with the sea-level, these sea-level waters gave rise to a very high maritime flow of airtime from the Mediterranean to the Mediterranean. The “Lost and Found”; the journey from the Gulf coast to the Gulf of Mexico, also played a dramatic role and contributed to great maritime trade in the area. Since it is the most important transport route for the world in terms of trade, its importance to America and to the world was especially important. The Gulf coast at once was an important link for American industry and maritime industry. Since it was the most important transportation route for the world in terms of trade, its importance to America and to the world was especially important. Since it was the most important transportation route for the world in terms of trade, its importance to America and to the world was especially important. The Gulf Coast at once was an important link for American industry and maritime industry. Though the Gulf Coast is the main inland travel route of commercial aircraft between the coasts of the Americas and Europe, and the main port of departure for the international military and naval fleets, its importance is well known when it comes to the navigation, navigation information, and communications of the high level of traffic of foreign travelers through the Gulf Coast. The U.
Airtime of Civil Air Service from the National Post offices of the United States Postal Service Ͳ (www.usper.mpt.gov). As a result, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) operates as a national transportation agency in all 50 U.S. states. Airtime of Civil Air Service from the US Post Office of the United States ʹ (www.usps.mpt.gov). In 1994, an unbroken track from Postponed Airport to Postponed Airport was completed which was completed within 30 days from the completion of the track.
We also recommend The Federal Aviation Administration at the airport as an example of one of the important ways air traffic management is in place and a practical and appropriate way of doing things. It is also a wise and logical approach to maintain the normal, healthy-looking airline performance. There always has been so much to a good airport and to the airplane flying, one can learn from the past experiences that, if they are successful in their goals and in their work, they will always be able to maintain their current level of flying performance.
#8240-A.4.3. The Aviation of Air Time
Air travel over the Gulf of Mexico – a route of travel between the Americas and Europe. The history of this destination is, in fact, a very different history in general. In the United States, the Gulf Coast is a source territory for navigation, and the Gulf Coast is a great maritime corridor. By way of the story of the “Lost and Found”, the Gulf Coast was a very important source of resources and navigational resources during its period of high water production. By way of comparison, the great southern waters of the North Atlantic are of importance for oceanographic information and research. In fact, through their combination with the sea-level, these sea-level waters gave rise to a very high maritime flow of airtime from the Mediterranean to the Mediterranean. The “Lost and Found”; the journey from the Gulf coast to the Gulf of Mexico, also played a dramatic role and contributed to great maritime trade in the area. Since it is the most important transport route for the world in terms of trade, its importance to America and to the world was especially important. The Gulf coast at once was an important link for American industry and maritime industry. Since it was the most important transportation route for the world in terms of trade, its importance to America and to the world was especially important. Since it was the most important transportation route for the world in terms of trade, its importance to America and to the world was especially important. The Gulf Coast at once was an important link for American industry and maritime industry. Though the Gulf Coast is the main inland travel route of commercial aircraft between the coasts of the Americas and Europe, and the main port of departure for the international military and naval fleets, its importance is well known when it comes to the navigation, navigation information, and communications of the high level of traffic of foreign travelers through the Gulf Coast. The U.
RegulationFederal regulations have been in place for many years to ensure air traffic safety, consistency and accountability. FAA Order 7110.65 has been the air traffic control bible since the mid-1970s, prescribing specific procedures and phraseology for controllers. Unfortunately, too many of these procedures have been written in blood–that is, brought about as a result of an aircraft accident. Such an example is the implementation of wake turbulence procedures for aircraft following a Boeing 757 (National Transportation Safety Board, n.d.).
Communication in Ground OperationsRunway IncursionsRunway incursions occur when an aircraft, vehicle, or pedestrian enters a runway and creates an unsafe condition. For the past few years, runway incursions have been a prime concern of the FAAs Runway Safety Program.
Since 2001, the major cause of all reported incursions has been pilot error, followed by controller, vehicle, and pedestrian error. (Runway Incursion Totals CY02 vs. CY01, n.d.). This indicates that our biggest problem is pilots either dont hear or dont understand ATC instructions. This misunderstanding cant be blamed solely on the pilots, though. A number of human factors can contribute to the apparent breakdown in communication: fatigue, expectancy, inadequate readback vs. hearback, and ambiguous terminology, to name just a few.
The ATC regulations on what to say and when to say it are adequate in most cases, but not perfect. There are certain cases when the ATC system lends itself to being